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跪求一份关于武术的介绍(要英语的)
自己去英文维基找,这放不下而且不让给链接。
Chinese martial arts, sometimes referred to by the Mandarin Chinese term wushu (simplified Chinese: 武术; traditional Chinese: 武术; pinyin: wǔshù) and popularly as kung fu (Chinese: 功夫 pinyin: gōngfū), consist of a number of fighting styles that were developed over the centuries. Those fighting styles can be classified according to common themes that are identified as "families" (家, jiā), "sects" (派, pai) or "schools" (门, men) of martial arts. Example of themes are physical exercises that mimic movements from animals or a history and training method that gather inspiration from various Chinese philosophies, myths and legends. Some styles focus on the harnessing of qi and are labeled internal (内家拳), while others concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness and are labeled external (外家拳). Geographical association, as in northern (北拳) and southern (南拳), is another popular method of categorization. Each fighting style offers a different approach to the common problems of self-defense, health, and self-cultivation from a Chinese perspective.
Terminology
Kung fu and wushu are popular terms that have become synonymous with Chinese martial arts. However, the Chinese terms kung fu (Chinese: 功夫; pinyin: gōngfū) and wushu (simplified Chinese: 武术; traditional Chinese: 武术; pinyin: wǔshù listen (Mandarin) (help·info); Cantonese: móuh-seuht) have very different meanings. The Chinese literal equivalent of "Chinese martial art" would be zhongguo wushu (traditional Chinese: 中国武术; pinyin: zhōngguó wǔshù).
In Chinese, kung fu can be used in contexts completely unrelated to martial arts, and refers colloquially to any individual accomplishment or skill cultivated through long and hard work.[1] In contrast, wushu is a more precise term for general martial activities.
Wǔshù literally means "martial art". It is formed from the two words 武术: 武 (wǔ), meaning, "martial" or "military", and 术 (shù), which translates into "discipline", "skill" or "method."
The term wushu has also become the name for a modern sport involving the performance of adapted Chinese bare-handed and weapons forms (tàolù 套路) judged to a set of contemporary aesthetic criteria for points.[2]
Chinese martial arts may possibly be traced to the Xia Dynasty (夏朝) which existed more than 4000 years ago.[3] Their origin is attributed to self-defense needs, hunting activities and military training in ancient China. Hand-to-hand combat and weapons practice were important components in the training of Chinese soldiers.[4][5] From this beginning, Chinese martial arts proceeded to incorporate different philosophies and ideas into its practice—expanding its purpose from self-defense to health maintenance and finally as method of self-cultivation. The influence of martial ideals in civilian society spread into poetry, fiction, and eventually film.
According to tradition, the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi, traditional date of ascension to the throne 2698 BCE) introduced the earliest fighting systems to China.[6] The Yellow Emperor is described as a famous general who, before becoming China’s leader, wrote lengthy treatises on medicine, astrology and the martial arts. He allegedly developed the practice of jiao di or horn-butting and utilized it in war.[7]
Shǒubó (手搏), practiced during the Shang dynasty (1766–1066 BCE), and Xiang Bo (similar to Sanda) from the 600s BCE,[8] are just two examples of ancient Chinese martial arts. In 509 BCE, Confucius suggested to Duke Ding of Lu that people practice the literary arts as well as the martial arts[8]; thus, wushu began to be practised by ordinary citizens external to the military and religious sects. A combat wrestling system called juélì or jiǎolì (角力) is mentioned in the Classic of Rites (1st c. BCE).[9] This combat system included techniques such as strikes, throws, joint manipulation, and pressure point attacks. Jiao Di became a sport during the Qin Dynasty (221–207 BCE). The Han History Bibliographies record that, by the Former Han (206 BCE – 8 CE), there was a distinction between no-holds-barred weaponless fighting, which it calls shǒubó (手搏), for which "how-to" manuals had already been written, and sportive wrestling, then known as juélì or jiǎolì (角力). Wrestling is also documented in the Shǐ Jì, Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian (ca. 100 BCE).[10]
求英文翻译一段话
Chinese martial arts is the Chinese traditional culture is an important part of our national sports, the main content of the thousands of years of Chinese people, is to exercise and a method of self-defence. Chinese martial arts in the floorboard of unarmed skill. Referred to as boxing. Boxing is divided into many, have ChangQuan taijiquan, wu, etc. Although the different characteristics of different, but the pattern practiser by hand, step footwork, technique, and any number of participants, jumping, balance and fell swoop, rolls such action and technology. Practice of boxing, norms movement, hands, eyes, body, with coordination, still must step with breath awareness and closely combining the combination of internal and external, reach, portraits. Through the exercise of boxing, make people not only master defensive fighting techniques, still can improve human body each system function and various physical quality, and for further learning wushu instrument lay a good foundation for the project.
希望加分哦!
练功夫用英语怎么说
练功夫的英文:Practicing kung fu
practice 读法 英 ['præktɪs] 美 ['præktɪs]
1、n. 实践;练习;惯例
2、vi. 练习;实习;实行
3、vt. 练习;实习;实行
短语:
1、international practice 国际惯例;国际实践
2、construction practice 施工管理
3、management practice 管理实务
4、common practice 惯例;习惯作法
5、medical practice 医疗实践
扩展资料
一、practice的词义辨析:
training, practice, exercise, drill, discipline这组词都有“练习、训练、锻炼”的意思,其区别是:
1、training 普通用词,泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。
2、practice 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。
金大话英语培训网
3、exercise 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼,也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。
4、drill 侧重进行有系统的,严格和重复的练习。
二、practice的近义词:training
training 读法 英 ['treɪnɪŋ] 美 ['trenɪŋ]
1、n. 训练;培养;瞄准;整枝
2、v. 训练;教养(train的ing形式)
短语:
1、training course 培训班;训练课程;实习课
2、vocational training 职业训练
3、training method 训练方法;培训方式
4、teacher training 教师培训;师资训练
5、training camp 集训营
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