求医学英语教程答案（英语课程分类）

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本文目录一览：

• 1、求医学英语教程答案
• 2、英语课程分类
• 3、英国语言课程的八种类型及入学要求

求医学英语教程答案

医学人文英语教程答案
Unit 1. History of medicine

Keys
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary, and pay
attention to the tense, voice and collocations of the verbs.
1. is credited with;
2. are sometimes referred to as;
3. was supposed to;
4. were espoused by;
5. in addition to;
6. was attributed to;
7. categorize;
8. is given credit for;
9. though.
Sentence Simulation
（略）

Translate the following sentences into English.
1.

Hippocrates proposed the humoral theory that the body of man has four distinct bodily fluids
in itself: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, different mixture of which leads to
different temperaments.

2.

In ancient Greece, career as a doctor was passed on from father to son, so Hippocrates studied
medicine under his father from his early age.

3.

Ancient Greek medicine was a field restricted by religious superstition where wizards cured
diseases by means of prayer, magic or ritual recitation of spells.
4.

It now appears that Hippocrates was incorrect in his explanation of the causes of human
temperament, but his temperament categories and names have been in use ever since.
5.

Ancient Western doctors about to enter medical practice were required to take an oath on
medical ethics, which was derived from the oath of Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician
revered as "father of medicine
” in the West
.
6.

As the father of Western medicine, Hippocrates is the first to formulate the code of ethics that
doctors are required to comply with. Furthermore, his medical opinions and medical practice
have exerted a huge influence on the development of Western medicine for centuries.
Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1. Four traditional examination methods: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and touching.
2.

①
TCM
can
make
diagnoses
and
treat
patients
without
needing
a
scientific
understanding
of
cause
and
pathogenesis
.
②
the
fundamentals
of
TCM
remain
largely
unchanged
and
its
theories
inexplicable to science.
3
.
①
the methodological quality of trials is low
.
②
Most of these trials are published in Chinese,
inaccessible to western doctors, and not included in systematic reviews.

③
Selective publication
of positive trials is another problem.
4. All natural phenomena could be categorised into Yin and Yang (two opposite, complementary,
interdependent, and exchangeable aspects of nature), everything in the universe consisted of five
basic
elements
(wood,
fire,
earth,
metal,
and
water),
and
the
universe
was
constantly
changing
towards dynamic balance or harmony. Yin refers largely to the material aspects of the organism
and Yang to functions. There is a circulation of Qi (energy) and blood. The organs work together
by regulating and preserving Qi and blood through the so-called channels and collaterals. Disease
occurs after a disturbance in Yin-Yang or flow of Qi or blood, or disharmony in the organs caused
by pathogenic (eg, sadness, joy, lifestyle) and climatic factors (dampness, heat, cold). Treatment
aims to expel or suppress the cause and restore balance.
Unit 2

Health professionals for a new century
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
1.

integration
2.

kept pace with

3.

adopts

4.

In view of
5.

effectiveness
6.

ultimate
7.

acquiring
8.

attributes
9.

shifts
10.

encounter

Translate the following sentences into English.
7.

Medical science is no longer simply biomedicine, but a comprehensive discipline of
humanities, social sciences and biomedicine.
8.

Science and technology development, along with social progress, has put forward higher
demands and greater challenges on higher medical education.
9.

Medical education is characterized by a high degree of specialization and practicality, as well
as a comparatively high cost and a long training cycle.
10.

It is the main task of medical schools to train good doctors needed by the people.
11.

The objective of clinical medical education is to train capable and well qualified academic
doctors with a solid professional foundation and a broad spectrum of knowledge.
12.

The innovation of teaching methods has not only improved the students' initiative and
enthusiasm to learn, but also enhanced the quality of clinical teaching and practice.
13.

In spite of its great progress, our country
’
s medical education still fails to keep pace with
social progress, development of science and technology, and needs for medical and health

reform.

Translate the following passage/sentence into Chinese.
1.

过去一个世纪教育的进步在于三个时代的教育改革。第一个时代始于
20
世纪初，注重教
授科学课程。大约于
20
世纪中期，第二个时代的改革开启了问题导向式的教学革新。现
在，我们需要进行体系导向式的第三个时代的教育改革，通过调整核心专业技能使其适
应特定环境，同时借鉴国际化知识，从而提升医疗体系的性能。

2.

迁移学习是一种重要成果，其包含了三个基本的转变：从对事实的记忆转变为对信息的
搜索、分析和综合从而作出决策；从追求专业文凭转变为实现核心竞争力从而达到医疗
体系里有效的团队协作；还有，从对教育模式不带批判的照搬应用转变为对整体资源的
创造性改造以应对局部的重点问题。

3.

医护人员在过去一个世纪以来对人类健康和发展做出了巨大贡献，然而，自满只会让人
们继续徒劳地采用
20
世纪的教育策略，而无法应对
21
世纪的挑战。

Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1.

Because it is crucial to tackle the obstacles of the 21st century.
2.

The outcome-based core curriculum has served as a framework in many countries, and can be
adjusted for specific local needs as postulated by the commissioners.
3.

Students
participate
in
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine,
nursing,
pharmacy,
and
allied
health
professions
(namely,
the
World
Healthcare
Students
Symposium). The benefits of the annual World Healthcare Students Symposia are for students
to
learn
to
understand
the
different
professions
and
discuss
the
best
ways
of
effective
and
fruitful collaboration.
4.

The
authors
think
the
proposed
focus
on
the
implementation
of
innovative
and
promising
information
and
communication
technologies
merits
attention
and
believe
in
its
potential
benefits
for
the
education
of
medical
students.
According
to
the
authors,
students
from
low-income countries with a lack of resources can especially benefit from such initiatives as
the website Health Sciences Online, although such free initiatives should not counteract the
proposal to focus development assistance more strongly on health profes
sionals’ education.

5.

Yes.
Student
initiatives
have
tackled
climate
change,
migrant
health,
and
other
issues
of
global and national relevance.
6.

Overall,
medical
students
worldwide
have
been
playing
an
active
role
in
implementing
the
recommendations of the Global Commission mainly by developing their own outcome-based
core
curricula
and
launching
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and allied health professions, among other initiatives.

英语课程分类

本文将介绍英语课程的分类，帮助读者更好地了解各类英语课程的特点和适用范围。
📚学术英语课程
学术英语课程重点为写作业、记课堂笔记、阅读文献及写专题发言等。一般要在学习专业课程之前选修学术英语课程。
🌟普通英语课程
普通英语课程的教学对象是希望学好英语以提高日常工作、生活能力的人。课程包括广泛内容，如工作、卫生和保健、娱乐及各种日常生活场景--购物、订票、就餐等。
📝学前英语课程
母语非英语的学生在不满足学位课程语言要求的情况下均学习该课程，主要教授作笔记，听课，阅读，论文写作技能。
🎓专业英语课程
专业英语课程讲授各种工作所需要的专用英语，来满足你的特殊职业需要，如艺术设计、计算机、电子工程、飞行和空中交通管制、旅游业、医学以及商务 管理等英语应用课程。
🔍英语及附加课程
英语及附加课程是把英语语言培训作为课程学习的一部分。另一部分可作为附加课从各种职业培训和专业培训课程中选修。
📖学期中英语课程
学生在进行专业课程的同时学习的和专业相关的英语课程。这些额外的学习支持课程主要为了帮助专业课程的学习，一般每周大约3课时。

金大话英语培训网

英国语言课程的八种类型及入学要求

随着通讯和交通的不断发展，全球各国联系更为紧密，商务往来和信息分享的速度也在不断加快。在这种发展潮流中，通晓一门国际语言，将使你拥有更大的优势。

英语的应用遍及各个方面，从商业、科技和网络到艺术、文化和传媒等各个行业无所不包。世界上有十四亿人(即世界人口的四分之一)所在国家的官方语言是英语，许多跨国公司如今也都要求新招收的雇员具有良好的英语水平。

世界上学英语最好的地方莫过于英国。每年都会有六十多万人到英国学习英语，英国提供的英语课程种类和数量占世界第一位，因此，在英国很容易找到适合你的课程。

英国的英语课程教学质量高，为审核英语教学结构而设的英语教学认证计划是同类认证体系中最大和最好的，它保证了经过认证的英语教学机构所提供的英语课程满足最严格的要求。在这里，英语是一种活生生的语言。

在日常生活中，从报纸、电视、广播、电影到书籍和杂志，英语无所不在。每次去购物、看电影或上餐馆，你对英语的知识和经验都会增长，使你能够更加自信的运用这一语言。

最为重要的是，你在课堂上所学习的所有关于英语的新知识都可以马上应用到实际生活中。如果你愿意，你还可以去拜访一个英国家庭，从而加强你对英语技能的运用能力。

你也可以在一位合格的教师家里生活和学习英语。这是了解真正的英国的最佳途径，无论是节日盛典，还是美味佳肴，你都可以一一体验。

英国的语言课程主要有以下八类：

1、普通英语课程 (General English)

普通英语课程的教学对象是希望学好英语以提高日常工作、生活能力的人。课程包括广泛内容，如工作、卫生和保健、娱乐及各种日常生活场景：购物、订票、就餐等。

2、学术英语课程 (English for Academic Purposes)

如果你计划在英国的高等院校学习专业，则应该选择此类英语课程。其重点为写作业、记课堂笔记、阅读文献及写专题发言等。

一般要在学习专业课程之前选修学术英语课程。除了要花时间完成英语培训之外，还要通过正式的英语水平测验，如IELTS和托福，才能正式开始专业课程的学习。

3、专业英语课程 (English for Specific Purposes)

专业英语课程讲授各种工作所需要的专用英语，来满足你的特殊职业需要，如艺术设计、计算机、电子工程、飞行和空中交通管制、旅游业、医学以及商务管理等英语应用课程。

学习专业英语课程的学生通常已经具备较高的英语能力，但是，出于学习和工作目的，需要专门培训。在专业英语课程学习期间，一般不进行正式考试。

4、学前英语课程 (Pre-sessional Courses)

母语非英语的学生在不满足学位课程语言要求的情况下均学习该课程，主要教授作笔记，听课，阅读，论文写作技能。

5、学期中英语课程 (In-session English Courses)

学生在进行专业课程的同时学习的和专业相关的英语课程。这些额外的学习支持课程主要为了帮助专业课程的学习，一般每周大约3课时。国际学生通常不必再交学费。

6、英语及附加课程 (English Plus Courses)

英语及附加课程是把英语语言培训作为课程学习的一部分。另一部分可作为附加课从各种职业培训和专业培训课程中选修。

7、季节性课程 (Seasonal Courses)

季节性课程一般是短期课程，通常是在复活节或暑假期间开办。季节性课程可以和到英国渡假一起安排。

8、英语外语教学课程 (TEFL)和母语为非英语教师培训 (TESOL)

该课程的对象是那些打算以英语外语教学为职业的人士，既可以是英语为母语来英国进行教师培训的学生，也可以是希望选修这一课程的外国英语教师。

提供英语语言课程的院校主要有以下四类：

私立语言学校

私立学校和私立学院

延续教育学院

高等院校

英语语言课程的学习期限差别很大，你可以选择在学校里进行的一对一个别辅导课程，也可以参加班级学习，为期一周、一个月、三个月或者一年，长短不限，而每周的课时为15至30小时不等。

学费：

语言课程的学费随院校及课程类型的不同差异很大，但其学费的一般水平为：

大班授课为每周100英镑左右

英语强化课程为每周300英镑以上

学术英语课程为每周100-200英镑

关于语言学校的认证：

在英国有各种语言学校资格认定的组织和接纳会员的机构，而最着名的是英国文化协会(The British Council)。

它与英国负责私立语言学校认证的公认英语语言学校协会(ARELS)和负责公立高等院校内的英语课程认证的公立英语语言教学机构协会(BASELT)合作，对自愿接受认证的语言中心进行认证，目前有超过370所院校得到其认证。

经过认定的学校都符合相当严格的标准，其教学设施、教师资格和学校管理都受到全面的审查，这样使学生的利益得到最大的保证。

入学条件：

一般说来申请英语语言课程无需特别条件，但若申请的课程为英语及附加课程时，其附加课程可能有一定的入学要求。其他专门课程所申请的学校也可能有具体的要求。

如何申请英语语言课程：　­

联系学校取得申请表及相关课程安排，

仔细研读课程信息并填好申请表，

寄出申请表，

收到录取通知信，通常要求预定住宿并缴纳课程定金;

缴纳定金， 学校回函确认。

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